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Mar 2020 Systematic Review
What Urologists Need to Know About Ketamine-Induced Uropathy — A Systematic Review
Yang J, Ren C, Zhang Y, Chen L — Fudan University
Published in Neurourology and Urodynamics
Ketamine Safety and Adverse Effects
A systematic review of 75 papers on ketamine-induced bladder damage. Proposes that ketamine or its metabolites, concentrated in urine, directly damage the urothelium's barrier function and trigger inflammation and apoptosis — the mechanism behind the bladder damage documented in cases like the one covered in our BBC "Down the K Hole" review.
Read the Full Paper at Neurourology and Urodynamics